Role of Inflammation in Autism?

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GI dysfunction is known to occur in autism although its significance has been disputed.

 

Dr. de Theije and colleagues from the Utrecht University in The Netherlands wished to examine the structural and functional correlates of human observations that the GI dysfunction correlates with severity of autism symptoms. The findings were published in the Brain Behavioral Immunology 2013.

 

Methods of autism-gut study

Mouse model of autism was used. Autism was induced by injection of valproic acid to pregnant mice and the pups were then studied after 21 days after birth.

 

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 Results autism-gut study

• Changes in social behavior as well as gut and brain were found. However, many of these abnormalities were gender specific, with males being affected and not the females...
• There was a decrease in social behavior and interaction with unfamiliar pup in male pups. However, there was no effect in females did not display autistic behavior.
• There was increased inflammation in the brain irrespective of the gender.
• There was decrease in serotonin or 5HT levels in brains of male pups. Females were not studied since they did not have any autistic behavioral changes.
• There was increased gut inflammation and reduced number of cells in male pups. Females were not affected.
• There was decreased serotonin or 5HT in the gut of males whereas females were not affected.

Is It Leaky Gut or Leaky Gut Syndrome?

 

Conclusions of autism-gut study

Inflammation is seen in the gut as well as brain in the experimentally induced autism in mice. Findings are also consistent with the leaky gut hypothesis underlying autism.

 

Dr. Minocha’s comments

Results of this study bring to forefront the importance of gut being a critical element in causation of autism and the need to target gut as part of a comprehensive therapy for autism. 

 

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