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Intestinal bacteria play a critical role in maturation of immune system especially in early phases of life and the effects may be seen during the life long-term. Alterations in maternal-fetal immune system may contribute to may disorders in later life. Laboratory and clinical studies show that probiotic use can module the immune system.
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Accumulating evidence from many studies have documented beneficial effect of mothers’ use of probiotics during pregnancy and breast-feeding peiod in reducing the risk of skin eczema or atopic dermatitis. In fairness, there have been negative studies as well. The discrepancy may be related in part to the design of studies especially the timing, type and dose of probiotic formulations.
Now comes a study from Dr. Rautava and colleagues from Turku University Central Hospital in Finland further providing support for use of probiotics in those at high risk. The study was published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012.
Wall Street Journal Best Seller Dr. M's Seven-X Plan for Digestive Health
Design of probiotics-eczema study
- Double-blind placebo controlled trial
- Mothers with allergic disease and atopic sensitization
- 241 mother-infant pairs were included
- Probiotics as powder in water started 2 months before delivery and continued for 2 months of breast feeding
Study groups of probiotics-eczema study
Two probiotic formulations were compared to placebo
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus LPR and Bifidobacterium longum BL999
- L paracasei ST11 and B longum BL999
- Placebo
Follow-up period and variable of probiotics-eczema study
- First 2 years of child's life
- Development of eczema rash
- Skin prick tests at 6, 12 and 24 months
Results of probiotics-eczema study
- Both probiotic formulations significantly reduced the risk of developing eczema. Only 29% of babies in probiotic group developed eczema rash at least once as compared to 71% in placebo group
- Both formulations reduced the risk of chronic persistent eczema. 26 percent of kids in placebo group developed chronic eczema as compared to only 10% and 6% in the two probiotic groups.
- Probiotic use had no effect on skin sensitization to a variety of allergens like milk, wheat, soy etc. as seen on skin prick tests.
- There was no adverse impact of probiotics
Dr. Minocha's comments on probiotics-eczema study
FREE at Barnes & Noble: Doctor's Guide to Milk and Your Health: The Good, The Bad or The Slow Poison
- Probiotic use during pregnancy and early breast-feeding period is safe and effective in reducing the risk of skin eczema rash or atopic dermatitis in early childhood.
- Authors speculated that maternal use of probiotics modulates immune structure/function via the fetus-placental unit during pregnancy. Maternal use of probiotics does impact on gene expression in the placenta as well as the gastrointestinal system of growing fetus.
- Breast feeding modulates infant's gut bacteria especially adding the helpful bifidobacteria as well as the modulation of immune system.
- Although this study examined benefits for a period of 2 years, some other positive studies have documented an extended benefit against skin eczema for as long as 7 years.
- Of note, some data suggests that only prenatal use of probiotics may not provide benefits and needs to be continued during early breast-feeding period to provide cover during the still immature immune system during infancy.
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Wall Street Journal Best Seller Dr. M's Seven-X Plan for Digestive Health
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