Is it better to take antibiotics rather than cranberry to prevent urinary tract infections?
Urinary tract infections including bladder infections are common amongst women. Literature supports the use of Cranberries and cranberry juice for preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cranberry is popular because it is natural and devoid of puported side-effects related to antibiotics expecially over long term.
The study authored by Beerepoot and colleagues from the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam was published in Archives of Internal Medicine. While the study showed antibiotics to be better at preventing UTI over 1 year, are they really supeior to Cranberry over longer term?
Not so fast! There is a subtext to the overall cost to one's health associated with antibiotic TMP-SMX use which I discuss after the author's conclusions.
Study methods: The study involved 221 premenopausal women with history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). Subjects received either TMP-SMX 480 mg once a day or cranberry capsules 500 mg twice a day for 12 months.
Results
- Mean number of UTIs Cranberry 4.0 vs TMP-SMX 1.8
- Proportion of women with atleast 1 UTI Cranberry 78% vs TMP-SMX 71%
- Median time to symptomatic UTI Cranberry 8 months vs TMP-SMX 4 months
- Antibiotic resistence to E. coli (UTI bacteria) Cranberry 28% vs TMP-SMX 91%
Authors' conclusions: Use of TMP-SMX antibiotic is superior to cranberry for over a period of 12 months at the expense of antibiotic resistence.
My comments
- The antibiotic group in this study likely had an inherent advantage since the bioavailabilty of active compound in the antibiotic greater than the cranberry capsule group (Clinical significance to be established).
- The superiority of antibiotic TMP-SMX over 1 year not withstanding, the occurance of more than 90% antibiotic resistence gives me pause and makes me wonder if the results would have reversed if the study was extended over longer term, say 5 years.
- The long term of use of broad spectrum antibiotic such as TMP-SMX is fraught with dangers, many not well understood including the effect on overall health due to disruption of the bacterial balance and homeostasis in the gut.
- Many women have moved somewhat past cranberry alone and are using it in combination with mannose.
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